"sword" meaning in Middle English

See sword in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /swɔrd/, /swoːrd/, /swɛrd/ (note: from sweord), /s(w)urd/ (note: from sweord) Forms: swordes [plural], sweorden [error-unknown-tag, plural]
Etymology: From Old English sword, a Mercian form of sweord (which some forms are directly from), from Proto-West Germanic *swerd, from Proto-Germanic *swerdą. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|sword}} Old English sword, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*swerd}} Proto-West Germanic *swerd, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*swerdą}} Proto-Germanic *swerdą Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} sword, {{enm-noun|pl=swordes|pl2=sweorden|pl2_qual=early}} sword (plural swordes or (early) sweorden)
  1. sword, sabre Categories (topical): Weapons
    Sense id: en-sword-enm-noun-XQIxYFpg Disambiguation of Weapons: 56 44 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 58 42
  2. (figuratively) Military might or power. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-sword-enm-noun-ZUbBqmZc
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: swerd, sord, sworde, zuord

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "sword"
          },
          "expansion": "English: sword",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: sword"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "swerd",
            "3": "sword"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: swerd, sword",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: swerd, sword"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sword"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sword",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*swerd"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swerd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swerdą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swerdą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English sword, a Mercian form of sweord (which some forms are directly from), from Proto-West Germanic *swerd, from Proto-Germanic *swerdą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "swordes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweorden",
      "tags": [
        "error-unknown-tag",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sword",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "swordes",
        "pl2": "sweorden",
        "pl2_qual": "early"
      },
      "expansion": "sword (plural swordes or (early) sweorden)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Weapons",
          "orig": "enm:Weapons",
          "parents": [
            "Hunting",
            "Military",
            "Tools",
            "Human activity",
            "Society",
            "Technology",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Don't feel that I came to bring peace to Earth. I didn't come to bring peace, but a sword.",
          "ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 10:34, page 4v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
          "text": "Nile ȝe deme þat I cam to ſende pees in to erþe / I cam not to ſende pees .· but swerd",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sword, sabre"
      ],
      "id": "en-sword-enm-noun-XQIxYFpg",
      "links": [
        [
          "sword",
          "sword#English"
        ],
        [
          "sabre",
          "sabre"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Military might or power."
      ],
      "id": "en-sword-enm-noun-ZUbBqmZc",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) Military might or power."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/swɔrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swoːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swɛrd/",
      "note": "from sweord"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s(w)urd/",
      "note": "from sweord"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "swerd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sord"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sworde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zuord"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sword"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Weapons"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "sword"
          },
          "expansion": "English: sword",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: sword"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "swerd",
            "3": "sword"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: swerd, sword",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: swerd, sword"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sword"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sword",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*swerd"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swerd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*swerdą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swerdą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English sword, a Mercian form of sweord (which some forms are directly from), from Proto-West Germanic *swerd, from Proto-Germanic *swerdą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "swordes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sweorden",
      "tags": [
        "error-unknown-tag",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sword",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "swordes",
        "pl2": "sweorden",
        "pl2_qual": "early"
      },
      "expansion": "sword (plural swordes or (early) sweorden)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Don't feel that I came to bring peace to Earth. I didn't come to bring peace, but a sword.",
          "ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 10:34, page 4v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
          "text": "Nile ȝe deme þat I cam to ſende pees in to erþe / I cam not to ſende pees .· but swerd",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sword, sabre"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sword",
          "sword#English"
        ],
        [
          "sabre",
          "sabre"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Military might or power."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) Military might or power."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/swɔrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swoːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/swɛrd/",
      "note": "from sweord"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/s(w)urd/",
      "note": "from sweord"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "swerd"
    },
    {
      "word": "sord"
    },
    {
      "word": "sworde"
    },
    {
      "word": "zuord"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sword"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sword meaning in Middle English (2.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.